MgCl2-Et3N Base System
Magnesium chloride triethylamine solution
CAS: 7786-30-3
Molecular Formula: Cl2Mg
MgCl2-Et3N Base System - Names and Identifiers
MgCl2-Et3N Base System - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | Cl2Mg |
| Molar Mass | 95.21 |
| Density | 2.32 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Melting Point | 714 °C (lit.) |
| Boling Point | 1412 °C/1 atm (lit.) |
| Flash Point | 9 °C |
| Water Solubility | 400 G/L (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | H2O: soluble |
| Appearance | powder |
| Specific Gravity | 2.41 |
| Color | colorless |
| Maximum wavelength(λmax) | ['λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.05', , 'λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.03'] |
| Merck | 14,5662 |
| PH | 5.0-7.5 (25℃, 1M in H2O) |
| Storage Condition | 2-8°C |
| Stability | hygroscopic |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Refractive Index | n20/D 1.336 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | They are colorless, odorless, small pieces, granules, and blocks of monoclinic crystals with bitter taste. There are two kinds of two water Salt and six water salt. The dihydrate salt was in the form of white water-absorbing small particles. Anhydrous salts are colorless deliquescent flakes or crystals. At room temperature for six water salt, water content can change with the temperature, 100 deg C when the loss of 2 points of crystal water, 110 deg C when the release of partial hydrochloric acid gas, high temperature decomposition into oxygen magnesium chloride. The relative density is 1.569, and the aqueous solution is neutral (pH value is 7.0). Highly hygroscopic. Very soluble in water (160g/100ml,20 C), soluble in ethanol. Anhydrous magnesium chloride is a colorless hexagonal crystal with a relative density of 2.177 and a melting point of 708. |
MgCl2-Et3N Base System - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R43 - May cause sensitization by skin contact R36/37 - Irritating to eyes and respiratory system. |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S22 - Do not breathe dust. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S39 - Wear eye / face protection. |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | OM2800000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 3-10 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28273100 |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 2800 mg/kg |
MgCl2-Et3N Base System - Reference Information
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| reaction | MgCl2 · 6H2O → MgCl2 · 4H2O → MgCl2 · 2H2O → Mg(OH)Cl HCl H2O → MgO HCl MgCl2 · 6H2O → MgO 2HCl 5H2O after adding sulfuric acid to the by-product brine of salt production, it is neutralized with lime to settle the generated calcium sulfate, the upper clarified liquid is heated and concentrated to form a precipitate. After the precipitate is separated, the solution is cooled, that is, carnallite [KCl · MgCl2 · 6H2O] is crystallized. After the separation and crystallization, the mother liquor is heated, concentrated, and cooled to precipitate magnesium chloride crystals. After separation and dehydration, the hexahydrate finished product is obtained. Heating and dehydration of hexahydrate magnesium chloride in a dry hydrogen chloride gas stream can generate anhydrous magnesium chloride, or heating and dehydrating the double salt NH4Cl · MgCl2 · 6H2O of magnesium chloride and ammonium chloride. Anhydrous magnesium chloride can be produced in the process of manufacturing titanium metal. |
| main uses | magnesium chloride is mainly used to make metallic magnesium, as disinfectant, fire extinguishing agent, ice salt refrigerant, and also used in ceramic, textile, paper and other industries. Magnesium chloride solution is mixed with magnesium oxide in a certain proportion, commonly known as magnesium oxide cement, which is hard and wear-resistant. If wood chips and shavings are added as fillers, artificial marble, particleboard, etc. Mix magnesium chloride with magnesia to make the lining of the steelmaking furnace. Magnesium chloride is contained in seawater and bittern. It can be made by reacting magnesium oxide or chestnut with hydrochloric acid. Seawater contains magnesium chloride 0.32% (quality), which is currently the main raw material for the production of magnesium chloride. Underground salt water is also an important resource for the production of magnesium chloride. It can also be made by reacting magnesite (MgCO3) with hydrochloric acid. Mainly used in magnesium industry. Electrolysis of magnesium chloride and potassium chloride mixture melt, magnesium ions precipitate magnesium at cathode discharge. According to statistics in 1982, more than 1/3 of the world's raw material for electrolytic magnesium (magnesium chloride) came from seawater. Magnesium chloride is easy to absorb moisture. The textile industry uses it to fill fabrics to maintain the humidity of cotton and make it soft. The annual dosage is 10,000 tons. Magnesium chloride has a solubility of 54.2g/100 ml in water and is mixed with ice as a cryogen. The thick slurry obtained by mixing magnesium chloride solution and magnesium oxide for several hours is condensed into a solid, called magnesium cement, which is hard and wear-resistant and easy to polish, and is used for filling teeth; it is mixed with sawdust, sawdust, etc. before solidification, and is used for making tabletops, Flooring, etc.; can also be used to make grinding wheels and as adhesives. The solidification principle of this mixture is to form a-Mg-O-Mg-O-Mg-type long chain with OH-or Cl atoms as the end of the chain. Magnesium chloride is used as a raw material for granular chemical fertilizers and cotton defoliants; resin salting-out accelerator; sugar crystallization accelerator; high-concentration aqueous solution can greatly reduce the freezing point (-30 ℃ at 21%), and can be used as Refrigerant and road anti-icing agent; defoamer, fire extinguishing agent, disinfectant for low temperature; ceramic raw materials; papermaking filler; heat accumulator for solar energy equipment; flocculant for wastewater treatment; coagulant for soy products in my country's GB2760-96 regulations; Dewatering agent; the absorbent of hydrogen chloride gas in the exhaust gas, the additive when the lime method is used to absorb sulfur dioxide, which can improve the absorption effect; food additives, as mineral supplements, Japanese sake fermentation aids, meat food tissue improvers, athletes' beverages; artificial sea water additives; medicine is used as infusion and artificial dialysate; building materials and electric furnace repair materials; raw materials for electrolytic melting to produce metallic magnesium; organic reaction catalysts; magnesium cement raw materials; wool refined preparations. |
| application field | magnesium chloride (magnesium chloride), chemical formula MgCl2. This substance can form hexahydrate, namely magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2 · 6H2O), which contains six crystal water. In industry, anhydrous magnesium chloride is often called halogen powder, while magnesium chloride hexahydrate is often called halogen tablets, halogen particles, halogen blocks, etc. The use of magnesium chloride can be divided into three aspects: industrial grade, food grade and pharmaceutical grade. 1. industrial-grade applications are used as road ice melting and snow melting agents, which have fast ice melting speed, little corrosiveness to vehicles and little damage to soil. Its liquid form can be used for road antifreeze measures. Before winter rains, it is often sprayed on the road to prevent road icing. Therefore, it can prevent the vehicle from slipping and ensure road safety. Magnesium chloride controls dust. It can absorb moisture in the air, so it can be used in dusty places to suppress dust to the floor, thereby preventing small dust particles from spreading in the air. Commonly used in excavation sites, indoor sports venues, horse farms, etc. Storage of hydrogen, this compound can be used to store hydrogen. An ammonia molecule is rich in hydrogen atoms. Ammonia can be absorbed by the surface of solid magnesium chloride. Slight heating can release ammonia from magnesium chloride and obtain hydrogen through the catalyst. This compound can be used to make cement. Due to its non-combustible characteristics, it is often used in various fire protection equipment. The textile and paper industries also take full advantage of this. Magnesium chloride is used as a viscosity control agent in cosmetics and skin care products. Softener and fixing agent in detergent. Industrial grade magnesium chloride is a natural decolorizing agent, which has a great effect on the decolorization of reactive dyes. As an additive for silica gel products, magnesium chloride modified silica gel can significantly increase the moisture absorption performance. Nutrients of microorganisms in sewage treatment (can promote the activation of microorganisms). Moisturizing agent for particles in ink and particle stability agent to improve the brightness of color. Moisturizing agent and particle stabilizing agent of color powder to improve the brightness of color. Additives for polishing ceramics can improve surface gloss and strengthen hardness. Raw materials for fluorescent coatings. Raw materials for insulating coatings on the surface of integrated circuit boards. 2. food grade application magnesium chloride can be used as tofu coagulant, which is characterized by tender, smooth and elastic tofu and strong bean flavor. Protein coagulant for dried bean curd and oil tofu, dried bean curd and oil tofu are not easy to break. A leavening agent such as sake. Water removal agent (used for fish cake, dosage 0.05% ~ 0.1%) tissue improver (combined with polyphosphate, as an elastic enhancer for minced fish and shrimp products), due to strong bitter taste, the common dosage is less than 0.1%; Mineral fortifier, used in healthy food and healthy beverage. Magnesium chloride is also a component of infant formula. In addition, it has been widely used in the production and processing of salt, mineral water, bread, aquatic products preservation, fruits and vegetables and other industries. In the process of food processing, it can also be used as curing agent, leavening agent, protein coagulant, dehydrating agent, fermenting agent, tissue improver, etc. Also as a nutritional enhancer; flavor agent (combined with magnesium sulfate, salt, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, etc.); wheat flour treatment agent; dough quality improver; oxidant; canned fish modifier; maltose treatment agent. 3. pharmaceutical grade application is the most effective nutritional supplement due to its rich magnesium content. There are tablets and capsules and other forms. Magnesium is an indispensable element for various functions of the body. It helps to strengthen bones and teeth and prevent blood clotting. Taking appropriate doses can prevent serious diseases, such as heart disease, osteoporosis, etc. The raw material of gastric cancer medicine has a certain protective effect on gastric mucosa. One of the essential raw materials for artificial seawater. One of the raw materials of bath salt, it can play the role of sweating. Raw materials for renal dialysis. It has a certain anesthetic and calming effect on mammals. Magnesium chloride can disturb the intestines and stomach, and laxatives contain magnesium chloride. |
| Binders and admixtures | In the metallurgical industry, magnesium chloride hexahydrate is used as a binder for refractory materials and furnace walls, and is the production of No. 2 flux and raw material for smelting metal magnesium. In the chemical industry, it is the raw material for the production of various magnesium salts. In the food industry, it is a protein coagulant that produces soy products. In the construction industry, it is the raw material for the production of magnesium cement, which is used as an antifreeze during winter construction. In agriculture, it can be used to produce cotton defoliants. In addition, magnesium chloride hexahydrate can also be used as coal mine fire retardant, road dust retardant, stable soil. Magnesium chloride aqueous solution is commonly known as brine. In engineering, it is mainly used to prepare magnesia and magnesia-chromium refractory mud, which is a joint material for wet masonry of magnesia and magnesia-chromium refractory brick. In addition, it is also used as a binder for magnesium ramming materials and a cementitious material for preparing magnesium oxychloride (commonly known as magnesium cement). commercially available magnesium chloride is in a solid state (called halogen block). the main component is hydrated magnesium chloride, containing magnesium chloride 45 ~ 50%, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and other impurities. When using, the halogen block should be placed in a container, purified water should be added, and heated and melted to make it reach the required density of the aqueous solution before it can be used. magnesium chloride and its solution itself do not have gelling property, but when magnesium chloride solution is used to prepare alkaline materials, the solution reacts with MgO to generate Mg(OH)2 and magnesium oxychloride hydrate (the chemical formula is mMgO · MgCl2 · nH2O) has gelling property. Hydrate the product gel and gradually recrystallize to form fine grains, harden the MgO-MgCl2-H2O system and gain strength. At room temperature, the growth of hardened body strength mainly depends on the evaporation of water. Baking measures are taken to accelerate drying, which is conducive to improving the growth rate of hardened strength. |
| preparation method | 1, using metal magnesium or magnesium oxide as raw material, in the presence of carbon (or carbon monoxide), dry chlorine gas can be introduced to produce anhydrous magnesium chloride. 2. Mix magnesium chloride hexahydrate and ammonium chloride, add a small amount of water, heat it slightly to dissolve it, heat and concentrate under stirring, and precipitate white crystals. After cooling, the white crystals are crushed to obtain Ammonium chloride magnesium chloride monohydrate (MgCl2 · NH4Cl · H2O). Then it is heated under reduced pressure, dehydrated at 200 ℃, then heated to 300~400 ℃, ammonium chloride sublimates and decomposes in the sublimation. After all ammonium chloride sublimates, the residue is quickly taken out in a dry atmosphere and sealed to obtain anhydrous magnesium chloride. MgCl2 · NH4Cl · H2O → MgCl2 · NH4Cl H2O MgCl2 · NH4Cl → MgCl2 NH3 HCl 3, after directly extracting magnesium hydroxide from seawater, magnesium hydroxide is chlorinated to produce magnesium chloride hexahydrate. 4, using hydrochloric acid to decompose magnesium carbonate, anhydrous magnesium chloride can be prepared. 5, use brine after salt mining as raw material, concentrate into carnallite solution (KCl · MgCl2 · 6H2O), remove potassium chloride, re-concentrate, filter, cool, crystallize, pass in chlorine, repeat the above operations until there are no impurities such as potassium ions, sodium ions, bromine, sulfur dioxide, etc., and magnesium chloride hexahydrate can be prepared. 6, magnesium chloride hexahydrate can be prepared by treating magnesium oxide with hydrochloric acid. Reference materials: Editor-in-Chief An Jiaju; Bao Wenchu, Wang Boying, Li Shunping. Practical fine chemical dictionary. |
| identification test | samples were positive for chloride (IT-12) and magnesium salt (IT-21) tests. Solubility is easily soluble in water and easily soluble in ethanol. Measured according to OT-42 method. |
| content analysis | accurately weigh about 0.5g of sample, add 50ml of water and 2g of ammonium chloride, add 20ml of 8 quinoline oxide test solution (TS-l65) after dissolution, add 8ml of concentrated ammonia test solution (TS-14) under stirring, heat at 60~70 ℃ for 10min after mixing, and then let stand for more than 4 hours, the resulting precipitate is filtered with a sand core glass funnel (G3), the filter residue is washed with warm 1% ammonia solution, the filter residue and the glass funnel are dried at 110 ℃ for 3 hours, and 8 magnesium quinolinium oxide [Mg(C9H6NO) 2?2H2O] amount (S), and then calculate the magnesium chloride content (B) according to the following formula: |
| toxicity | LD50 2800mg,/kg (rat, oral). ADI is not restricted (FAO/WHO,2001). GRAS(FDA,§ 184.1426,2000). |
| usage limit | GB 2760-96: bean product coagulant, GMP ~ GB 14880-94: dairy product 3000~7000 mg/kg; Infant food 2000~5800mg./kg. FDA,§ 184.1426(2000): GMP limited. |
| use | curing agent; Nutritional fortifier; Taste-presenting agent (combined with magnesium sulfate, salt, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, etc.); The fermentation aid of Japanese sake, etc.; Water removal agent (used for fish cake, dosage 0.05% ~ 0.1%); Tissue improver (combined with polyphosphate, as elasticity enhancer for surimi products). Due to strong bitter taste, the common dosage is less than 0.1%. Used to make metal magnesium, disinfectant, fire extinguishing agent, frozen brine, ceramics, and used to fill fabrics, papermaking, etc.; curing agent; nutrition enhancer; flavor agent (combined with magnesium sulfate, salt, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium sulfate, etc.); Japanese sake, etc.; water remover (used for fish cake, dosage 0.05% ~ 0.1%); tissue improver (combined with polyphosphate, as a surimi product Elastic enhancer). Due to strong bitter taste, the common dosage is less than 0.1%. |
| production method | brine, a by-product of salt production from seawater, is concentrated into carnallite (KCl.MgCI?6H2O) solution, after cooling, potassium chloride is removed, and then concentrated, filtered, cooled and crystallized. Magnesium oxide or magnesium carbonate is obtained by dissolving and replacing it with hydrochloric acid. Anhydrous magnesium chloride is obtained by heating and deamination of magnesium ammonium chloride. |
| toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:32:01
